Crumbling Landscapes, Revealed Landscapes: Risk or Opportunity?

Preserving Biodiversity: Species, Ecosystems, or Landscapes?

Efforts to preserve biological diversity must focus increasingly at the ecosystem level because of the immense number of species, the majority of which are currently unknown. An ecosystem approach is also the only way to conserve processes and habitats (such as forest canopies, belowground habitats, and hyporheic zones) that, with their constituent species, are poorly known. Continued concern w...

Tidy or Tangled: How People Perceive Landscapes

Rich RNA Structure Landscapes Revealed by Mutate-and-Map Analysis

Landscapes exhibiting multiple secondary structures arise in natural RNA molecules that modulate gene expression, protein synthesis, and viral infection [corrected]. We report herein that high-throughput chemical experiments can isolate an RNA's multiple alternative secondary structures as they are stabilized by systematic mutagenesis (mutate-and-map, M2) and that a computational algorithm, REE...

Foraging Decisions in Risk-Uniform Landscapes

Behaviour is shaped by evolution as to maximise fitness by balancing gains and risks. Models on decision making in biology, psychology or economy have investigated choices among options which differ in gain and/or risk. Meanwhile, there are decision contexts with uniform risk distributions where options are not differing in risk while the overall risk level may be high. Adequate predictions for...

Mutation landscapes.

A traditional picture of evolutionary dynamics with constant fitness is that of genomes living in sequence space and adapting on fitness landscapes. Mutation rates are considered to be constant or externally regulated. If, however, we take into account that genomes also encode for enzymes that perform replication and error correction, then individual genomes not only have a specific replication...